In the heart of Mumbai lies a precious gem, the Aarey Forest. Nestled amidst the urban chaos, this lush green expanse serves as the city’s lungs, providing much-needed respite from the concrete jungle. However, its existence is under threat due to rapid urbanization and developmental projects. In this article, we delve into why Aarey Forest is vital, not only for the environment but also for the well-being of Mumbai’s residents. Established in 1949, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the Prime Minister at the time, planted a sapling to mark the establishment of the Aarey Milk Colony in 1951.

Aarey Forest Mumbai, Importance

A Natural Haven in an Urban Landscape

Aarey Forest spans over 2000 acres, making it one of the largest green spaces within a metropolitan area globally. It is a natural buffer, mitigating pollution and regulating the city’s microclimate. Its diverse flora and fauna provide a sanctuary for numerous species, including rare and endangered ones. Aarey Forest is located near Sanjay Gandhi National Park and is often referred to as the ‘Lungs of Mumbai’

Biodiversity Hotspot

The forest is home to over 3500 species of animals, 80 species of birds, and countless other forms of life. It houses several native tree species like the Sal, Karanj, and Teak, contributing to the region’s biodiversity. Protecting Aarey Forest is crucial for preserving this rich ecological heritage.

Carbon Sink and Air Purifier

Aarey Forest acts as a vital carbon sink, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and releasing oxygen. Its trees are pivotal in combating air pollution, making the surrounding areas healthier for inhabitants. Preserving these green lungs is essential for maintaining the city’s air quality.

Water Catchment Area

The forest serves as a natural watershed, recharging groundwater and preventing soil erosion. Its dense vegetation helps retain rainwater, reducing the risk of floods during the monsoon season. To guarantee Mumbai’s future access to sustainable water resources, Aarey Forest protection is essential.

Aarey Forest’s threats

Developmental Projects

Despite its ecological significance, Aarey Forest faces numerous threats from infrastructure projects and urban expansion. Plans for metro car sheds, road widening, and real estate developments encroach upon its fragile ecosystem, posing a grave danger to its survival. In its decision on this matter, the Supreme Court of India suspended the deforestation in the Aarey colony forest area and directed the BMC not to cut any more trees in that area to build a vehicle shed for the Mumbai Metro-3 Project.

Deforestation and Encroachment

Illegal logging, encroachments, and land-clearing activities continue to degrade Aarey Forest. Rampant deforestation not only destroys habitats but also disrupts the delicate balance of the ecosystem. Urgent action is needed to curb these destructive practices and protect the forest.

Aarey Forest Ownership 

In 2016, 705 acres of Aarey land were designated as reserved forest by the MVA government, which was led by Uddhav Thackeray. Approximately 132 hectares of the 165 hectares that were excluded a few years ago from the eco-sensitive zone surrounding Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP) have now been designated as green zones.

Conservation Efforts

Public Awareness and Activism

Citizens and environmentalists have been actively campaigning to save Aarey Forest from destruction. Protests, petitions, and advocacy efforts have garnered widespread support, raising awareness about the forest’s importance and pressuring authorities to take action.

Legal Battles and Judicial Intervention

Several legal battles have been fought in courts to halt the destruction of Aarey Forest. Landmark judgments and judicial interventions have provided temporary reprieves and highlighted the need for stricter environmental regulations and conservation measures.

Conclusion: Aarey Forest in Mumbai

Maintaining it is essential. Aarey Forest is Mumbai, not just a patch of greenery; it is a lifeline for Mumbai and its inhabitants. It is important for preserving biodiversity, reducing climate change, and preserving ecological balance. As custodians of the environment, it is our collective responsibility to protect and cherish this invaluable natural treasure for generations to come. Thus began the journey to restore the forest of Aarey. This is a collaborative project involving numerous organizations, people, and citizens working toward a single objective.